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Research Article| Volume 154, ISSUE 1, P13-21, July 2019

The addition of paclitaxel to doxorubicin and cisplatin and volume-directed radiation does not improve overall survival (OS) or long-term recurrence-free survival (RFS) in advanced endometrial cancer (EC): A randomized phase III NRG/Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) study

Published:April 30, 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.240
The addition of paclitaxel to doxorubicin and cisplatin and volume-directed radiation does not improve overall survival (OS) or long-term recurrence-free survival (RFS) in advanced endometrial cancer (EC): A randomized phase III NRG/Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) study
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      Highlights

      • •
        No significant difference in OS in women with advanced-stage endometrial cancer on cisplatin and doxorubicin +/− paclitaxel
      • •
        Despite a slight protective effect on OS and long-term RFS, the addition of paclitaxel comes with increased neurotoxicity.
      • •
        Second malignancies were reported in 36 patients, including 13 breast cancers occurring mostly in the arm with paclitaxel.

      Abstract

      Objectives

      To determine if the addition of paclitaxel (P) to cisplatin and doxorubicin (CD) following surgical debulking and volume-directed radiation therapy improved long-term, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced-stage endometrial cancer (EC).

      Methods

      Prospective, randomized GOG trial comparing (CD) (50 mg/m2)/(45 mg/m2) +/− (P) (160 mg/m2) following volume-directed radiation and surgery in advanced EC. A Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis characterized the relationship between treatment arms and the OS outcome, a log-rank test assessed the independence of treatment with the OS outcome, and the treatment effect on estimated OS was determined using a Cox proportional hazards (PH) model stratified by stage. The PH assumption was assessed using a test of interaction between treatment variable and the natural logarithm of survival time. Adverse events, regardless of attribution, were graded.

      Results

      Since initial publication, 60 deaths occurred, leaving 311 patients alive with 290 (93.8%) recurrence- free. There was no significant decrease in the risk of recurrence or death associated with the CDP treatment regimen stratified for stage (p = 0.14, one-tail). The exploratory analysis for OS and the corresponding homogeneity tests for different effects across subgroups revealed only EFRT and EFRT & GRD status to have significantly different treatment effects (p = 0.027 and p = 0.017, respectively). Second primary malignancies were identified in 17/253 (6.4%) and 19/263 (7.0%) of patients treated with CD and CDP respectively. Breast (2.4%) followed by colon (1%) were the two cancers most frequently diagnosed in this setting.

      Conclusion

      No significant difference between treatment arms was identified. Subgroup analysis both in the initial and current reports demonstrated a trend towards improved RFS and OS in patients treated with CDP and EFRT. This long-term analysis of outcomes also identified the necessity of providing on-going cancer screening to patients enrolled in trials.

      Keywords

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      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: April 30, 2019
      Accepted: March 15, 2019
      Received in revised form: March 11, 2019
      Received: October 16, 2018

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.240

      Copyright

      © 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.

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